; *************************************************************************** ; *************************************************************************** ; ** ** ; ** KICK ME. ** ; ** Alain BROBECKER, aka Baah. ** ; ** July 1995. ** ; ** ** ; *************************************************************************** ; *************************************************************************** .386 ; The best processor ever... (Arf...) include rincbin.inc include memlib.inc include mode0lib.inc include initmodx.inc include gen_spr.inc include put_pal.inc nb_balls=7 gravity=2 ; *************************************************************************** ; ******************************* MACROS ********************************** ; *************************************************************************** ;컴컴 Vertical synchronisation 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴 ; Affects al and dx. wait_vsync MACRO LOCAL @@vsync_activated,@@vsync_desactivated mov dx,03dah ; Input status 1 port. @@vsync_activated: in al,dx test al,1000b ; Test bit 3=vertical retrace. jne @@vsync_activated ; Wait till activated. @@vsync_desactivated: in al,dx test al,1000b je @@vsync_desactivated ; And then wait till desactivated. ENDM ;컴컴 Keyboard flush 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴 flush_keyboard MACRO LOCAL @@flush_kbd_loop @@flush_kbd_loop: mov ah,01h ; Read char. int 16h mov ah,0 ; Another char? int 16h jZ @@flush_kbd_loop ENDM ; *************************************************************************** ; *************************************************************************** ; ******************************** CODE *********************************** ; *************************************************************************** ; *************************************************************************** THE_CODE SEGMENT USE16 Assume CS:THE_CODE,SS:THE_STACK ;==== Main Program ========================================================== beginning PROC NEAR call main_memory_release ; A good idea to release memory. ;**** The textual presentation. call init_mode0 ; Text mode. call hide_cursor0 ; Hide the prompt. mov ax,0b800h ; Draw 'baah.' logo. mov es,ax call baah_text_logo mov ax,cs ; Print text. mov ds,ax mov si,offset cs:text1 call print_text0 ;**** Allocate memory for code buffer. mov bx,1000 call allocate_memory mov code_adress+2,ax ;**** Generate the code for the sprite drawing. mov ax,cs ; Make ds:si point on sprite datas. mov ds,ax mov si,offset cs:sprite mov es,code_adress+2 ; Make es:di point on code buffer. xor di,di call gen_sprite_drawing ;**** Allocate memory for fractal buffer. mov bx,4800 call allocate_memory mov fractal_seg,ax ;**** Calculate the julia set into the fractal buffer. mov ds,ax ; Calculate call julia_set ;**** Well, fractal is calculated, wait for a key to be pressed. mov ax,0b800h ; es points on text ram. mov es,ax mov ax,cs ; Print the text. mov ds,ax mov si,offset cs:text2 call print_text0 fractal_done: mov ah,01h ; Keyboard scan. int 16h jz fractal_done flush_keyboard ; It has to be done... ;**** Switch to mode X, and put the palette. call init_modeX mov ax,cs ; Make ds:si point on palette. mov ds,ax mov si,offset cs:palette call put_palette ;**** Copy the fractal into the three buffers. mov ds,fractal_seg ; Make ds:si point on fractal. xor si,si mov ax,0a000h ; Make es:di point on screen bank 1. mov es,ax xor di,di call copy2vram mov di,240*80 ; es:di points on screen bank 2. call copy2vram mov di,480*80 ; es:di points on source screen. call copy2vram ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; The main demo.... one_frame: wait_vsync ;**** Swap between work banks and show banks. mov bx,show_scr_ofs ; Swap screen banks. mov cx,work_scr_ofs mov show_scr_ofs,cx mov work_scr_ofs,bx mov bx,show_spr_ofs ; Swap sprites offsets banks. mov cx,work_spr_ofs mov show_spr_ofs,cx mov work_spr_ofs,bx ;**** Clear the sprites. mov dx,03c4h ; Sequencer index. mov ax,0f02h ; Map mask subregister. out dx,ax ; Access all planes. mov dx,03ceh ; Graphic Controller. mov al,05h ; GraphMode subregister. out dx,al inc dx in al,dx ; al=graphmode. and al,0fch or al,1 ; Set mode write 1. out dx,al mov ax,0a000h ; Set ds:si to source screen. mov ds,ax mov si,480*80 mov es,ax ; Set es:di to work screen. mov di,work_scr_ofs mov bx,work_spr_ofs ; The table containing sprite offsets. mov cx,nb_balls @@clear_one_spr: mov ax,cs:[bx] ; Load sprite offset. add bx,2 call clear_spr31 loop @@clear_one_spr ;**** Add gravity to the velocities of balls. mov di,offset cs:balls ; cs:si points on balls parameters. mov cx,nb_balls @@add_gravity_one: add word ptr cs:[di+6],gravity ; vy+=gravity. add di,8 loop @@add_gravity_one ;**** HERE COMES THE (almost) INTERESTING PART!!!! ; When a ball collides something (a wall, or another ball), we lock it ; for the current vbl, so it won' t move, and we change its velocity ; according to the collision. This method is a cheat, but it' s much ; easier. (I fon' t think it' s the best trick, though) ; First, lock the balls which are colliding the walls. ; The other balls are put into another list. (norm_balls) mov si,offset cs:balls ; cs:si points on balls parameters. mov di,offset cs:lock_balls ; cs:di points on locked balls list. mov bp,offset cs:norm_balls ; cs:bp points on normal balls list. mov word ptr norm_nb,0 ; Reinit counters. mov word ptr lock_nb,0 mov cx,nb_balls @@wall_collision_one: mov ax,cs:[si] add ax,cs:[si+4] ; ax=posx+vx. cmp ax,15*64 jLE @@wall_collision_x cmp ax,(319-14)*64 jGE @@wall_collision_x mov ax,cs:[si+2] add ax,cs:[si+6] ; bx=posy+vy. cmp ax,15*64 jLE @@wall_collision_y cmp ax,(239-14)*64 jGE @@wall_collision_y mov eax,cs:[si] ; Put ball in normal balls list. mov cs:[bp],eax mov eax,cs:[si+4] mov cs:[bp+4],eax inc word ptr norm_nb ; Add 1 to the nb of normal balls. add bp,8 add si,8 loop @@wall_collision_one jmp @@wall_collision_end @@wall_collision_x: mov eax,cs:[si] ; Put ball in locked balls list. mov cs:[di],eax mov eax,cs:[si+4] mov cs:[di+4],eax neg word ptr cs:[di+4] ; vx=-vx. inc word ptr lock_nb ; Add 1 to the nb of locked balls. add di,8 add si,8 loop @@wall_collision_one jmp @@wall_collision_end @@wall_collision_y: mov eax,cs:[si] ; Put ball in locked balls list. mov cs:[di],eax mov eax,cs:[si+4] mov cs:[di+4],eax neg word ptr cs:[di+6] ; vy=-vy. inc word ptr lock_nb ; Add 1 to the nb of locked balls. add di,8 add si,8 dec cx jNZ @@wall_collision_one @@wall_collision_end: ; Ok, now go on with balls colliding together. You must notice that if a ; ball collides a locked ball, I continue to process collisions with ; all other locked balls. (This is natural when you give a thought to it.) ; After I have tested an eventual collision with a locked ball, I go ; on by testing collisions with other balls. Oh, by the way, when I say ; I remove a ball from the 'normal' list, this mean in fact I copy the ; last ball of normal list at the position occupied by the ball to remove. @@balls_collisions: cmp norm_nb,0 ; No more normal balls? jE @@collision_end xor dx,dx ; dx=position in normal balls list. @@balls_collisions_one: ; First, test if ball nb dx will encounter a locked ball! mov si,offset cs:norm_balls mov cx,dx shl cx,3 add si,cx ; cs:si points on ball. mov cx,lock_nb ; cx=nb of locked balls. mov di,offset cs:lock_balls ; cs:di points on locked balls list. xor bx,bx ; bx will contain 1 if there is a collision. @@lock_collision_one: dec cx ; One locked ball seen. jL @@lock_collision_end mov ax,1 ; Second ball (cs:di) is locked. call ball_collision ; Collision between the two balls? or bx,ax ; bx=1 if there was a collision. add di,8 ; Next locked ball. jmp @@lock_collision_one @@lock_collision_end: cmp bx,1 ; Ball collided with a locked ball? jNE @@norm_collisions ; No... ; Yes, so put current ball into the locked balls list, and begin anew. ; Here we have cs:di which points just after last locked ball. ; mov di,offset cs:lock_balls ; mov ax,lock_nb ; shl ax,3 ; add di,ax inc lock_nb ; Copy ball into locked balls list. mov eax,cs:[si] mov cs:[di],eax mov eax,cs:[si+4] mov cs:[di+4],eax dec norm_nb ; Remove ball from normal balls list. mov di,offset cs:norm_balls mov ax,norm_nb shl ax,3 add di,ax ; cs:di points on last normal ball. mov eax,cs:[di] mov cs:[si],eax mov eax,cs:[di+4] mov cs:[si+4],eax jmp @@balls_collisions ; The ball has not collided with a locked ball. Now, we must see if ; she collides with another normal ball. @@norm_collisions: cmp norm_nb,1 ; No more than one normal ball? jE @@collision_end xor cx,cx ; cx=current normal ball. mov di,offset cs:norm_balls ; cs:di points on normal balls list. xor bx,bx ; bx will contain 1 if there is a collision. @@norm_collision_one: cmp cx,norm_nb ; We have tested all normal balls? jGE @@norm_collision_end cmp dx,cx ; Don' t test collision with twice the jE @@next_norm_collision ; same normal ball! xor ax,ax call ball_collision ; Collision between the two balls? cmp ax,1 jNE @@next_norm_collision ; No, then continue with next ball. ; Yes, the two balls were colliding, so put them in locked balls list, ; and remove them from the normal balls list. mov bp,offset cs:lock_balls mov ax,lock_nb shl ax,3 add bp,ax add lock_nb,2 ; Copy balls into locked balls list. mov eax,cs:[si] mov cs:[bp],eax mov eax,cs:[si+4] mov cs:[bp+4],eax mov eax,cs:[di] mov cs:[bp+8],eax mov eax,cs:[di+4] mov cs:[bp+12],eax sub norm_nb,2 ; Remove balls from normal balls list. mov bp,offset cs:norm_balls mov ax,norm_nb shl ax,3 add bp,ax ; cs:bp points on last normal ball. ; Beware!!! Here, we must replace anew TWO balls, and if one of the ; colliding ball is in the two upper balls, it will be replaced by the good ; ball, which will be out! So, make sure those two balls aren' t already ; out of the list. (i.e: at the end of the list.) cmp si,bp jE @@norm_collision_si_out1 jG @@norm_collision_si_out2 cmp di,bp jE @@norm_collision_di_out1 jG @@norm_collision_di_out2 mov eax,cs:[bp] mov cs:[si],eax mov eax,cs:[bp+4] mov cs:[si+4],eax mov eax,cs:[bp+8] mov cs:[di],eax mov eax,cs:[bp+12] mov cs:[di+4],eax jmp @@balls_collisions ; The ball pointed by cs:si is out of the list. @@norm_collision_si_out1: add bp,8 ; The ball just after di. @@norm_collision_si_out2: mov eax,cs:[bp] mov cs:[di],eax mov eax,cs:[bp+4] mov cs:[di+4],eax jmp @@balls_collisions ; The ball pointed by cs:di is out of the list. @@norm_collision_di_out1: add bp,8 ; The ball just after si. @@norm_collision_di_out2: mov eax,cs:[bp] mov cs:[si],eax mov eax,cs:[bp+4] mov cs:[si+4],eax jmp @@balls_collisions @@next_norm_collision: add di,8 ; Next normal ball. inc cx jmp @@norm_collision_one @@norm_collision_end: inc dx ; Next normal ball. cmp dx,norm_nb jNE @@balls_collisions_one @@collision_end: ;**** Merge the normal and locked balls into the same list. mov si,offset cs:balls ; cs:si points on balls parameters. mov di,offset cs:lock_balls ; cs:di points on locked balls list. mov cx,lock_nb @@merge_lock: dec cx jL @@merge_lock_end mov eax,cs:[di] ; Copy locked balls. mov cs:[si],eax mov eax,cs:[di+4] mov cs:[si+4],eax add si,8 add di,8 jmp @@merge_lock @@merge_lock_end: mov di,offset cs:norm_balls ; cs:di points on normal balls list. mov cx,norm_nb @@merge_norm: dec cx jL @@merge_norm_end mov ax,cs:[di] add ax,cs:[di+4] mov cs:[si],ax mov ax,cs:[di+2] add ax,cs:[di+6] mov cs:[si+2],ax mov eax,cs:[di+4] mov cs:[si+4],eax add si,8 add di,8 jmp @@merge_norm @@merge_norm_end: ;**** Draw the sprites on work screen, and save their offsets. mov dx,03ceh ; Graphic Controller. mov al,05h ; GraphMode subregister. out dx,al inc dx in al,dx ; al=graphmode. and al,0fch ; Set mode write 0. out dx,al mov ax,0a000h ; ds points on videoram. mov ds,ax mov si,offset cs:balls ; cs:si points on balls positions. mov di,work_spr_ofs ; cs:di points where to save spr offsets. mov ch,nb_balls mov al,02h ; Map mask subregister. @@draw_one_spr: mov dx,cs:[si] ; dx=posx. shr dx,6 ; dx=int(posx). sub dx,15 ; Left edge of ball. mov cl,dl and cl,11b ; cl=int(posx) mod(3)=first plane to access. mov ah,1 shl ah,cl ; ah=map mask. mov bx,cs:[si+2] ; bx=posy. shr bx,6 ; bx=int(posx). sub bx,15 ; Top edge of ball. mov dx,bx shl bx,2 add bx,dx shl bx,4 ; bx=int(posy-15)*80. mov dx,cs:[si] ; dx=posx. shr dx,6 ; dx=int(posx). sub dx,15 ; Left edge of ball. shr dx,2 ; dx=posx/4. add bx,dx ; bx=offset of sprite. mov cs:[di],bx ; Save the sprite offset. add bx,work_scr_ofs ; Add screen offset. mov dx,03c4h ; Sequencer index. call dword ptr cs:[code_adress] ; Draw the sprite. add di,2 ; For next sprite. add si,8 dec ch jNZ @@draw_one_spr ;**** Workscreen is drawn, tell to CRT to display it. mov bx,work_scr_ofs mov dx,03d4h ; CRT Controller. mov al,0ch ; Start adress high subregister. mov ah,bh out dx,ax mov al,0dh ; Start adress high subregister. mov ah,bl out dx,ax ;**** Wait for a key to terminate demo. mov ah,01h ; Keyboard scan. int 16h jz one_frame flush_keyboard ; It has to be done... ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------- ;**** Humm, seems it has come to an end. end_proggy: call init_mode0 ; Back to text mode. mov ax,0b800h ; Draw 'baah.' logo. mov es,ax call baah_text_logo mov ah,4ch ; Terminate proggy function. int 21h beginning ENDP ;---- Main program datas. --------------------------------------------------- ; Offsets of work screen, show screen, work sprite bank, show sprite bank. work_scr_ofs dw 0 show_scr_ofs dw 240*80 work_spr_ofs dw offset cs:balls_ofs1 show_spr_ofs dw offset cs:balls_ofs2 ; The positions and velocities of the center of the balls. (*64) balls dw 120*64,20*64,0,0 dw 160*64,20*64,0,0 dw 200*64,20*64,0,0 dw 140*64,45*64,0,0 dw 180*64,45*64,0,0 dw 160*64,70*64,0,0 dw 30*64,90*64,2*64,0 ; Those buffers and their related counters will contain the locked balls, ; the normal ones, etc... norm_balls dw nb_balls*4 dup(0) lock_balls dw nb_balls*4 dup(0) norm_nb dw 0 lock_nb dw 0 current_nb dw 0 ; Two banks for the positions of the balls. balls_ofs1 dw nb_balls*2 dup (0) balls_ofs2 dw nb_balls*2 dup (0) ; Will contain the adress of the generated sprite rout. code_adress dw 0,0 ; The sprite datas, and the palette. sprite label byte incbin 'ball.xxx',994 palette label byte incbin 'ball.pal',312 ; The segment adress of the buffer containing the fractal. fractal_seg dw 0 ; Yeah! text1: text1: db 0,'!!!!!!!! KICK ME !!!!!!!!',0 db 2,'This 4 Kb intro features:',0 db 4,'Gravity & collisions.',0 db 5,'A sprite code generator.',0 db 6,'A nice ball by Niko/MJJ Prod.',0 db 7,'Full frame rate animation on my 16Mhz 386sx.',0 db 8,'Julia fractal, with max_iter=93 and 32 bits muls.',0 db 10,'Coded by Alain BROBECKER. (aka baah)',0 db 11,'Released at the GASP party, thanks to BigFoot/MJJ Prod.',0 db 12,'(Montpellier, 11-15 august 1995)',0 db 14,'The sources are freely released. (normally in same archive)',0 db 15,'Send me a nice postcard in case you liked this.',0 db 17,3,3,3,3,3,3,' KooKoo ',3,3,3,3,3,3,0 db 19,'MafiAmiga - Positivity - Arm''s Tech - Les Heretiques - Bass',0 db 20,'Mentasm - DNT Crew - MJJ & Patapom - HMD - Steelers',0 db 21,'Elf - Onyx - Biro - DaubeMan - Barti - LCA',0 db 23,'Please wait, calculating the Julia set.',0 db 24,'(approx 20 secs on my 16 Mhz 386sx)',0 db 0 text2: db 23,'------------- Press a key -------------',0 db 24,' ',0 db 0 ;============================================================================ ;==== Collision between 2 balls ============================================= ; Parameters are.. ; cs:si=points on first ball. ; cs:di=points on second ball. ; If ax=1, the second ball is considered as being locked. ; It returns.. ; ax=1 if there is a collision. ; ax=0 else. ball_collision PROC NEAR push ebx push ecx push edx mov bx,cs:[di+2] cmp ax,1 jE @@ball_collision_lock1 add bx,cs:[di+6] @@ball_collision_lock1: sub bx,cs:[si+2] sub bx,cs:[si+6] ; bx=deltay. cmp bx,30*64 jGE @@no_ball_collision cmp bx,-30*64 jLE @@no_ball_collision mov ax,cs:[di] cmp ax,1 jE @@ball_collision_lock2 add ax,cs:[di+4] @@ball_collision_lock2: sub ax,cs:[si] sub ax,cs:[si+4] ; ax=deltax. cmp ax,30*64 jGE @@no_ball_collision cmp ax,-30*64 jLE @@no_ball_collision ; Ok, calculate the distance between centers of ball1 and ball2. imul ax ; dx:ax=deltax^2 mov cx,dx shl ecx,16 mov cx,ax ; ecx=deltax^2. mov ax,bx imul ax ; dx:ax=deltay^2. shl edx,16 mov dx,ax ; edx=deltay^2. add edx,ecx cmp edx,30*64*30*64 ; Dist>=(2*radius)^2. jGE @@no_ball_collision ; There is a collision! So, change the two velocities according to it. ; First, we want o1o2/norm(o1o2). mov ax,cs:[di] ; Back to original coords if collision. sub ax,cs:[si] mov @@deltax,ax mov bx,cs:[di+2] sub bx,cs:[si+2] mov @@deltay,bx ; Now, we divide by norm of o1o2. imul ax ; dx:ax=deltax^2 mov cx,dx shl ecx,16 mov cx,ax ; ecx=deltax^2. mov ax,bx imul ax ; dx:ax=deltay^2. shl edx,16 mov dx,ax ; edx=deltay^2. add edx,ecx ; edx=deltax^2+deltay^2. ; Extraction of the squareroot of edx. mov ebx,040000000h xor ecx,ecx cmp ebx,edx ; bitsqrt=>1. jmp @@sqrt_goto2 @@sqrt_goto1: sub edx,ebx ; val-=bitsqrt+root. shr ecx,1 ; root>>1. add ecx,ebx ; root+=bitsqrt @@sqrt_goto2: REPT 15 shr ebx,2 mov eax,ebx add eax,ecx ; eax=bitsqrt+root. cmp eax,edx ; bitsqrt+root=>1. dw 009ebh ; 'jmp +09'. sub edx,eax ; val-=bitsqrt+root. shr ecx,1 ; root>>1. add ecx,ebx ; root+=bitsqrt ENDM cmp cx,dx ; Round to nearest integer. jGE @@sqrt_goto3 inc cx @@sqrt_goto3: ; Here we have cx=sqrt(deltax^2+deltay^2). ; Calculate dx/norm(o1o2) and dy/norm(o1o2). xor edx,edx mov dx,@@deltax shl edx,16 sar edx,6 mov ax,dx sar edx,16 ; dx:ax=deltax*2^(6+10) idiv cx shl eax,16 sar eax,16 ; ax=2^14*deltax/norm(o1o2). mov @@new_deltax,eax mov @@deltax,ax xor edx,edx mov dx,@@deltay shl edx,16 sar edx,6 mov ax,dx sar edx,16 ; dx:ax=deltay*2^(6+10) idiv cx mov bx,ax shl ebx,16 sar ebx,16 ; bx=2^14*deltay/norm(o1o2) ; Now, calculate the following scalar products.. ; scalar1=vx1*deltax/norm(o1o2)+vy1*deltay/norm(o1o2). ; scalar2=vx2*deltax/norm(o1o2)+vy2*deltay/norm(o1o2). ; Scalar1 is then the norm of the compound of v1 along o1o2 (v1/o1o2) ; and scalar2 is the norm of the compound of v2 along o1o2. (v2/o1o2) mov ax,cs:[si+4] ; ax=vx1. imul word ptr @@deltax ; dx:ax=deltax*vx1. mov cx,dx shl ecx,16 mov cx,ax ; ecx=deltax*vx1. mov ax,cs:[si+6] ; ax=vy1. imul bx ; dx:ax=deltay*vy1. shl edx,16 mov dx,ax ; edx=deltay*vy1. add edx,ecx ; edx=deltax*vx1+deltay*vy1. sar edx,6 ; Beware the premul by 64. mov @@scalar1,edx ; Store the scalar product. mov ax,cs:[di+4] ; ax=vx2. imul word ptr @@deltax ; dx:ax=deltax*vx2. mov cx,dx shl ecx,16 mov cx,ax ; ecx=deltax*vx2. mov ax,cs:[di+6] ; ax=vy2. imul bx ; dx:ax=deltay*vy2. shl edx,16 mov dx,ax ; edx=deltay*vy2. add edx,ecx ; edx=deltax*vx2+deltay*vy2. sar edx,6 ; Beware the premul by 64. mov @@scalar2,edx ; Store the scalar product. ; Now, calculate the x and y compounds of v1/o1o2 and v2/o1o2. mov eax,@@new_deltax imul dword ptr @@scalar1 ; edx:eax=scalar1*deltax/norm(o1o2). shrd eax,edx,14 ; here we have ax=x compound of v1/o1o2. sub cs:[si+4],ax add cs:[di+4],ax mov eax,@@new_deltax imul dword ptr @@scalar2 ; edx:eax=scalar2*deltax/norm(o1o2). shrd eax,edx,14 ; here we have ax=x compound of v2/o1o2. add cs:[si+4],ax sub cs:[di+4],ax mov eax,@@scalar1 imul ebx ; edx:eax=scalar1*deltay/norm(o1o2). shrd eax,edx,14 ; here we have ax=y compound of v1/o1o2. sub cs:[si+6],ax add cs:[di+6],ax mov eax,@@scalar2 imul ebx ; edx:eax=scalar2*deltay/norm(o1o2). shrd eax,edx,14 ; here we have ax=y compound of v2/o1o2. add cs:[si+6],ax sub cs:[di+6],ax mov ax,1 pop edx pop ecx pop ebx ret @@no_ball_collision: xor ax,ax ; No collision. pop edx pop ecx pop ebx ret @@deltax dw 0 @@deltay dw 0 @@scalar1 dd 0 @@scalar2 dd 0 @@new_deltax dd 0 ball_collision ENDP ;============================================================================ ;==== Clear a 31*31 Sprite ================================================== ; Parameters are.. ; ds:si=source screen. ; es:di=work screen. ; ax=offset for this sprite. ; Please note that the sequencer must be set to write 1 mode, will all ; the planes set. clear_spr31 PROC NEAR pusha add si,ax add di,ax REPT 30 mov cx,9 rep movsb add di,80-9 add si,80-9 ENDM mov cx,9 rep movsb popa ret clear_spr31 ENDP ;============================================================================ ;==== Julia Set Calculation ================================================= ; Parameters: ; ds=segment of fractal buffer. coef=28 ; Premultiplication coefficient. max_Iter=93 ; Maximum nb of iterations. cste_re=06666666h ; Constant for julia set. cste_im=03333333h julia_re=0f6000000h ; Position of the top left point in the complex plane. julia_im=0f0000000h inc_re=000c0000h ; Increment between points on screen. inc_im=000c0000h julia_set PROC NEAR pusha xor bp,bp ; bp is the offset in screen buffer. @@one_pixie: mov ebx,current_re mov ecx,current_im xor di,di ; di is the iteration counter. REPT max_iter ; Here is the code for one iteration. ; ebx=x*2^coef. ; ecx=y*2^coef. ; edi=0=nb of iterations. mov eax,ecx imul ebx ; edx:eax=x*y*2^(2*coef). shld edx,eax,32-coef+1 ; edx=2*x*y*2^coef. mov eax,ebx sub eax,ecx ; eax=(x-y)*2^coef. add ebx,ecx ; ebx=(x+y)*2^coef. mov ecx,edx add ecx,cste_im ; ecx=y'=2*x*y+cste_im. imul ebx ; edx:eax=(x*x-y*y)*2^(2*coef). shld edx,eax,32-coef ; edx=(x*x-y*y)*2^coef. cmp edx,20000000h jNS @@divergent mov ebx,edx add ebx,cste_re ; ebx=x'=x*x-y*y+cste_re. inc di ; One iteration achieved. ENDM ; Here print the pixie. @@divergent: mov ax,di ; al=color=nb of iterations achieved. mov ds:[bp],al ; Print pixie. ; One pixel achieved. Next pixel is on the same column. add bp,80 ; Next y. add current_im,inc_im ; Next im corresponding to this y. cmp bp,240*80 ; 240 pixels where drawn in this column? jNGE @@one_pixie ; One column was drawn, so we have to draw the next column, and this results ; in a screen buffer segment modification since the screen buffer is ; organised similarly to the video mode2. add current_re,inc_re sub bp,240*80 ; Offset points on beginning of column. mov current_im,julia_im ; Reinit imaginary value. mov bx,ds ; Use bx for segment modifications. mov ax,x_mod4 ; Each 4 columns, reinit buffer segment. dec ax ; We have printed 4 columns? jNZ @@next_bufferbank ; Else go to next bank. ; Here we go back to bufferbank 0. mov ax,4 inc bp ; Next column on bufferbank 0. sub bx,80*240*4/16 ; bx will point on bank 0 after the add. @@next_bufferbank: mov x_mod4,ax ; Save the counter. add bx,80*240/16 ; Next bank. mov ds,bx cmp bp,80 ; We have printed 80 columns in each bank? jNE @@one_pixie popa ret julia_set ENDP ;---- Julia set calculation datas. ------------------------------------------ align current_re dd julia_re current_im dd julia_im x_mod4 dw 4 ;============================================================================ ;==== Copy Buffer to Vram =================================================== ; ds:si=buffer adress. ; es:di=videoram adress. copy2vram PROC FAR pusha push ds mov dx,03c4h ; SEQUENCE CONTROLLER port. mov ax,0102h ; Map mask subregister, plane 0. mov bx,4 ; 4 planes to copy. @@copy_one_plane: out dx,ax ; Access the good plane. mov cx,4800 ; Copy 4800 longwords. rep movsd mov cx,ds ; Make ds:si point on next plane. add cx,80*240/16 mov ds,cx sub si,80*240 sub di,80*240 ; Make es:di point on beginning. shl ah,1 ; Next plane. dec bx jNZ @@copy_one_plane pop ds popa ret copy2vram ENDP ;============================================================================ THE_CODE ENDS ; *************************************************************************** ; ******************************* STACK *********************************** ; *************************************************************************** THE_STACK SEGMENT STACK dw 512 dup (0) THE_STACK ENDS END beginning ; ***************************************************************************